Does science make belief in God obsolete?
Over at the Templeton Foundation, several thinkers, including Steven Pinker, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, Mary Midgley, Christopher Hitchens, and Stuart Kauffman among them, discuss the issue and give very divergent answers. Pervez Hoodbhoy: Not necessarily.
But you must find a science-friendly, science-compatible God. First,
try the pantheon of available Creators. Inspect thoroughly. If none
fits the bill, invent one.
The God of your choice must be a stickler for divine principles.
Science does not take kindly to a deity who, if piqued or euphoric,
sets aside seismological or cosmological principles and causes the moon
to shiver, the earth to split asunder, or the universe to suddenly
reverse its expansion. This God must, among other things, be stoically
indifferent to supplications for changing local meteorological
conditions, the task having already been assigned to the discipline of
fluid dynamics. Therefore, indigenous peoples, even if they dance with
great energy around totem poles, shall not cause even a drop of rain to
fall on parched soil. Your rule-abiding and science-respecting God
equally well dispenses with tearful Christians singing the Book of Job,
pious Hindus feverishly reciting the havan yajna, or earnest Muslims performing the salat-i-istisqa
as they face the Holy Ka'aba. The equations of fluid flow, not the
number of earnest supplicants or quality of their prayers, determine
weather outcomes. This is slightly unfortunate because one could
imagine joining the faithful of all religions in a huge simultaneous
global prayer that wipes away the pernicious effects of anthropogenic
global climate change.
Your chosen God cannot
entertain private petitions for good health and longevity, prevent an
air crash, or send woe upon demand to the enemy. Mindful of
microbiology and physiology, She cannot cure leprosy by dipping the
afflicted in rivers or have humans remain in unscathed condition after
being devoured by a huge fish. Faster-than-light travel is also out of
the question, even for prophets and special messengers. Instead, She
must run the world lawfully and unto the letter, closely following the
Book of Nature.